How strong are human rights safeguards in the EBRD's policies? Lessons learned from the Kolubara project

Experience with the implementation of the Environmental and Social Policy in the case of several controversial projects suggests that the EBRD's environmental and social safeguards are not robust enough and need strengthened. The case of the Kolubara coal mine 'Environmental Improvement' project, Serbia illustrates how the policy places most responsibilities on the client, and EBRD assessment and monitoring are excessively reliant on input from the client, even in cases when feedback from NGOs and communities consistently contradicts the claims of the project sponsor.